Annual Reports

May PEACE Prevail in Sierra Leone!
May PEACE Prevail on Earth!

Welcome to Edition 170 of e-Civicus - Connecting civil society worldwide!

July 12 - 18, 2002

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______________________________________
MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY GENERAL

Fresh and Bold Ideas Needed for Strengthening Democracy and
Justice.

I have just attended the biennial meeting of the International
Society for Third Sector Research, ISTR, a long standing member
of CIVICUS: World Alliance for Citizen Participation. ISTR brings
together researchers and academics who are doing work on civil
society issues. Some of the participants are university based
while others are civil society practitioners who also research and
write on civil society concerns.

What struck me most about this important event was a shared
commitment to tackle some of the difficult issues facing civil
society and the world as a whole. There was a strong sense that a
closer partnership needed to be developed between civil society
activists and researchers. This is premised on the belief that such
relationships will help improve the quality of scholarship around civil
society issues and that researchers can contribute to improving
civil society practice. Often civil society activists are too
overwhelmed by immediate,day-to-day challenges and are unable
to find the time to engage in deep thinking and to write, even
though their perspectives are critical for informed and relevant
scholarship. We also have a situation whereby researchers
sometimes invest huge intellectual talent in research enterprises
that do not necessarily help humanity meet the various challenges
we face.

But the time is right and, in fact, long overdue for some bold,
conceptual thinking about how to meet the challenges facing our
fragile planet. Inequality and injustice continue to not only fester
but in many cases worsen. If current trends continue some of the
challenges we now face will look like a Sunday morning picnic
twenty to thirty years from now.

This requires serious intellectual work, in partnership with those
who are working at grassroots level, on a day to day basis. By way
of example, many policy makers and activists agree that we need
to create a more manageable and more equitable global economic
system. The imminent collapse of some big companies in the
USA, in the aftermath of massive accounting fraud, underscore the
need for what some have called "A New Financial Architecture".
This need was recognised after the Asian Financial Crisis but still
nothing has been done that suggests that such a framework will
emerge.

Another important issue tackled at the conference was the "two
sides of civil society": the progressive and the uncivil sides. This
issue is a difficult one and requires fresh debate and an emergence
of a set of proposals that can help civil society hold its hard won
victories at a time when civil society continues to be threatened by
governments and in some cases intergovernmental organisations
on the basis of legitimacy and accountability.

During the struggle against Apartheid we used to say that "theory
without practice is sterile and practice without theory is blind".
Many of the key challenges that humanity faces right now require
strategic, courageous and innovative thinking as well as practice.
This also challenges us not to let current reality restrict our
visioning process of what might be possible. We need to think out
of the box and question the current dominant paradigms and
frameworks that we confront. Current approaches seem to offer us
only minor incremental improvements around the various issues
that we face when what is needed in many cases is fundamental
and substantive change.

I am often reminded by the comments made by John Clark, former
Policy Advisory to Oxfam (UK) and founder of the World Bank NGO
Unit, when he addressed the CIVICUS World Assembly in
September 1999 in Manila, Philippines. He suggested that there
was a need for new paradigms for thinking about social
development.

He noted that the proverb or saying which goes, "Give a man a fish
and he is fed for a day, but teach a man to fish and he can feed
himself forever," is in need of revision since that adage today
appears dreadfully wrong: "If you teach a man to fish, does he have
a line and net to be able to catch any fish? Does he have access
to unpolluted water with stocks of fish in it? Can he get his fish to
the market to earn income? If the man fishes, does any of the fish
get to other members of the family? And do the poor even like fish?
Are the poor really just sitting by unpolluted and well-stocked
water, just waiting to learn how to catch fish. Or is the issue really
one of power and poverty. Is our job to teach the poor, or to help
people identify their own needs and ensure the right questions are
asked?"

This proverb has a resonance among many civil society activists
from around the world and may seem like an absolute truth. But
the current moment that we live in requires that we think laterally
and boldly and be willing to challenge things that are presented as
absolute truths.

Kind wishes,
Kumi

For more information about ISTR please visit http://www.istr.org

______________________________________________________
Contents

IN BRIEF: CIVIL SOCIETY 'ROUND THE GLOBE
World: Information poverty reinforces real poverty
Africa: Seeking justice for the Ogoni in Nigeria; Poverty report
measures success or failure in Uganda South America: Amnesty
International highlights human rights abuses in Peru WSSD
Watch: Water on the brain

FEATURE OF THE WEEK
The struggle continues for children orphaned by AIDS

VOICE OF CIVIL SOCIETY
What does the formation of the African Union mean for civil
society?

WHAT'S UP ON THE WORD FRONT
Publications of interest
Calls for papers; calls for comments
New and interesting websites; Internet news

CLASSIFIEDS
Jobs and volunteer opportunities
Training courses and programmes
Conferences, workshops and exhibitions

_________________________________________________
IN BRIEF: CIVIL SOCIETY 'ROUND THE GLOBE

WORLD
Tokyo has more telephones than the whole of sub-Saharan Africa.
This was revealed in a paper by the UK -based Imfundo
Project,which examines the potential to use of information and
communication technologies (ICTs) in the promotion of education in
developing countries. The report focuses on ways to overcome the
constraints that maintain the north-south divide. It argues that, as
television is a mass medium only in the most developed countries,
and computers and the Internet inaccessible to most of the world's
poor, radio appears to be the only electronic medium that
minimises the constraints on access to information. At the heart of
the global knowledge economy are changing patterns of
communication and new technologies. But the uneven distribution
of new ICTs makes it likely that information poverty will reinforce
'real poverty' in poorer countries.
Reference : the full report is at http://www.id21.org

AFRICA

Nigeria
Minority rights activists in Nigeria have called on the government to
act urgently on a ruling by the African Commission on Human and
People's Rights (ACHPR) that the state perpetrated massive
abuses in the southeastern area of Ogoniland. The Movement for
the Survival of Ogoni People (MOSOP) said in a statement that it
was seeking an audience with Justice Minister Kanu Agabi to
ensure the prosecution of those who violated the rights of the
500,000-strong Ogoni, as well as compensation for the victims as
requested by ACHPR.
Reference: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=8595

Uganda
Uganda has achieved an impressive degree of macroeconomic
stability, but how have the very poor fared? Is the government's
Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) set to succeed? What are
the difficulties of measuring welfare in Uganda? Can the chronically
poor be identified and helped to benefit from emerging economic
opportunities?

These are some of the questions addressed in a report recently
released by Uganda's Economic Policy Research Centre. The
report uses expenditure data to track the poverty status of
Ugandan households and assess whether poverty programmes are
working. The chronically poor are identified as those 20 per cent of
the population whose living standards did not improve in the period
1993-1996. Recent survey data shows that 96 percent of the poor
are found in rural areas. The fate of the government's Plan for
Modernisation of Agriculture (PMA) will determine whether PEAP
will succeed in eradicating chronic poverty.
Reference: http://www.id21.org

SOUTH AMERICA

Peru
Amnesty International has recently released a new report on human
rights abuses in Peru. The report maintains that, despite major political
and repeated commitments to human rights by those in power, torture,
and ill-treatment remain widespread in prisons and police stations in
Peru. The report documents over 30 cases of torture recorded in the past
three years. Confessions extracted under torture are still widely admitted
as evidencein court and often provide the sole basis for convictions. In
prisons and military barracks, torture and ill-treatment are used to punish,
discipline and humiliate inmates and new recruits. Children and
adolescents are also subjected to torture, harsh treatment, sexual abuse
and death in custody.

Reference: full report at http://www.amnesty.org

WSSD WATCH
Access to safe drinking water and sanitation for the world's poorest
people will be a key focus at the World Summit on Sustainable
Development in August. In a recent survey, Drum Beat focussed
attention on the earth's water supply. Reports show that a little over
2 percent of the earth's water supply is fresh water. More than 200
million pounds of contaminants are dumped into our water
resources every year. 500 million people live in water scarce
countries and by 2025 this number could hit 3 billion. Today, 31
countries, face chronic freshwater shortages and by 2025, this will
rise to 48 countries. Among countries likely to run short of water in
the next 25 years are Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Nigeria & Peru. In
this century world population has tripled and water withdrawal has
increased 6 times.

In Asia 50 percent of the population lives without adequate
sanitation. In China, India and Indonesia twice as many people die
from diarrhoea-related diseases as from HIV/AIDS. In the
developing world 80 percent of disease is due to poor sanitation
and the World Health Organisation says the lives of the 1.8 million
children who die annually from water-related diseases could be
saved by prevention or better treatment. For US$15.7 billion the
number of people with no sanitation could be halved.
For a wide range of local responses from civil society to the crisis
of reduced water supplies and limited sanitation services, read
more on Drum Beat.
Reference: http://www.comminit.com
http://www.jhuccp.org/pr/m14edsum.stm

_______________________________________________
FEATURE OF THE WEEK

The 14th International AIDS Conference wound down in Barcelona last
week. Attended by government officials, medical professionals and civil
society organisations, the conference sparked debate on many of the
clinical and social aspects of the pandemic. The US government pledged
increased funds to the fight against HIV/AIDS and other development
funding organisations took a critical look at their policies.

However, as the professional community sat in a conference auditorium,
the struggle to survive in a world ravaged by the disease continued for
millions around the globe. According to UNAIDS and UNICEF, there are
currently 13.4 million children orphaned by HIV/AIDS worldwide, a figure
that has risen three-fold in the last six years. The majority of AIDS
orphans - 1.2 million in 2001 - live in India, although this is partly due to
the size of India's population. A far greater proportion of children
infected with, and affected by, HIV/AIDS live in sub-Saharan Africa. For
example, almost 18 percent of Zimbabwean children are orphans, and
more than three quarters of these are orphaned by AIDS. By 2010, more
than 25 percent of children in Lesotho will be orphaned, four out of five
by AIDS.

The effect of the worldwide HIV/AIDS pandemic is particularly harsh on
the generation of children left behind. As family support networks break
down, these children are often left hungry and uncared for, with no cash
income and few resources with which to sustain themselves. Many have
to care for their ailing parents through the last stages of the disease,
which may have a profound psychological, as well as economic, impact.
Unable to go through the normal developmental stages of childhood,
they may be forced to leave school and enter early, unskilled
employment. For girl children, this employment often takes the form of
sex work, thereby leaving them vulnerable to HIV infection - in fact a
pattern is emerging where older girl children may become infected in this
manner, thus forcing the younger children to take on the responsibility
of care, some of whom will also enter sex work and perpetuating the cruel
cycle. Many of them will also have been infected with the virus by their
parents.

Across the developing world, HIV awareness and prevention campaigns
are thought to be having an effect, with some countries showing a
reduction in new infections. However, this still means that the disease
will take some years to manifest, with the result that the numbers of
orphans will continue to increase over the next decade.

The campaign to prevent mother-to-child transmission through the
provision of anti-retroviral drugs to pregnant women will go a long way
towards saving a new generation of children. However, these children
are still at risk of being orphaned when their infected parents succumb,
thus creating a new crisis. Announced in Barcelona last week, Columbia
University in the US is driving a new project that will ensure that 10 000
mothers in eight countries will also receive the anti-retrovirals they need
to stay alive. This project is being funded by $50 million from charitable
organisations, indicating that funding priorities may be shifting as the
pandemic ravages the developing world.

In South Africa, where an estimated 1 500 new infections occur daily and
a total of 4.7 million people are infected, a Danish funding organisation
called Ibis is currently designing its national HIV/AIDS policy.

"The question for Ibis, is how can we, as a small funding organisation,
hope to make a difference?" says South African Ibis representative,
Mark Milner. "The issue and focus of treatment within the HIV/AIDS
milieu is one that has received much attention. While not discounting the
importance of treatment, we believe that other areas are equally
important. For Ibis to be relevant and on the cutting edge of social
change, our strategy will be to focus our efforts on the future generation.
Many hundreds of thousands of children and young adults have already
been seriously infected and affected by the disease."

The strategies being considered for funding support by Ibis were
informed by discussion with key actors in the HIV/AIDS and education
fields. These include networking, engaging the teacher and education
system, encouraging children's participation, and supporting research,
lobbying and advocacy.

"Ibis believes that its policy must be driven by the NGOs and community-
based organisations working directly in the HIV/AIDS and children's
rights sector, and hopefully with them, our organisation can make a
difference to the future," says Milner.

References:
http://www.unaids.org
http://www.mg.co.za

_______________________________________
VOICE OF CIVIL SOCIETY

What does the formation of the African Union mean for civil society?

The demise of the Organisation of African Unity and the launch of the
new African Union (AU) last week were celebrated with much pomp and
splendour by African heads of state and low-key acknowledgement from
the rest of the world.    The New Partnership for Africa's Development
(Nepad) was also being punted as a key objective of the AU, after
having been presented to the recent meeting of the G8 in Canada. The
question in many ordinary African citizens' minds is, "So what?" What
does all of this mean for the average subsistence farmer in rural East
Africa, or the nomadic herders of the Sahara, or even the urbane city
dwellers of Lagos, Harare or Johannesburg?

There has been a lot of coverage of the AU's launching ceremony and
various presidents have spoken to the national and international media
about Nepad, yet few people really understand how this affects their
lives. So far, it mostly seems to be about the process, and not the
substance.

It is, therefore, crucial that civil society organisations andrepresentatives
become fully involved in these structures and strategies. On the one
hand, initiatives to improve Africa's economic strength in a globalised
world are to be lauded, and structures that unite a diversity of nations on
the continent are to be supported. On the other hand, however, civil
society organisations must be vigilant and critical if things slip past us,
ignore our presence and ultimately fail people on the ground. Civil
society must be a powerful voice on the continent, one that insists on
recognition and holds our leaders to account.

______________________________________________
WHAT'S UP ON THE WORD FRONT

PUBLICATIONS OF INTEREST

Bypassing Community Rights: The National Water Policy
http://www.comminit.com/Materials/sld-4988.html
India's new National Water Policy emphasises continued
government control over water resources, ignoring pleas by
environmental groups to involve local communities in order to
overcome looming shortages.

Give and Take: What's the matter with foreign aid?
David Sogge
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1842770691/africapolicy
info
Foreign aid, mostly from industrialised countries to developing
countries, has been going on for 50 years, and some Third World
countries depend on it to a remarkable extent. Though its purpose
is ostensibly benign, as this introduction to the difficult issues
surrounding aid shows, it is the focus of considerable controversy.
Aid is an issue of great concern, both financially and morally. This
book suggests ways in which aid can be made less of a problem,
and more of a solution.

_____________________________________________
CALLS FOR PAPERS; CALL FOR COMMENTS

Digital Opportunity Channel: Call for essays - ICTs and
development

Digital Opportunity Channel is currently seeking submissions for
publication on its new web site. Coordinated by the Benton
Foundation and OneWorld South Asia, the channel addresses the
use of information and communications technologies (ICTs) for
global development, as well as initiatives around the world bridging
the digital divide.
For more details:
acarvin@benton.org

Independent Sector and The Nelson A. Rockefeller Institute of
Government: Call for Papers - The Role of Faith-Based
Organisations in the Social Welfare System
Deadline for Abstracts: 1 August 2002

Independent Sector in full partnership with the Roundtable on
Religion and Social Welfare Policy at the Rockefeller Institute of
Government, will host the 2003 Spring Research Forum. More
than 300 researchers, nonprofit and religious leaders, foundation
representatives, and government officials are expected to
participate.

The Spring Research Forum seeks to address the following
questions:
* What measurement and evaluation tools are needed to assess
the effectiveness of faith-based organisations offering social
services?
* What are some of the effects of "charitable choice" legislation?"
* What is the capacity of religious congregations to provide
complex social services such as counselling teens about
pregnancy and treating drug addiction?
* What is the connection between religious congregations'
commitment to spiritual nurturing and to social activism?
* How will increased pressure on faith-based groups and/or their
receipt of government funds affect their voluntary nature and
spiritual mission?
* What kinds of collaborations should be established in funding
social service delivery by religious congregations, and which should
be avoided due to practical or legal considerations?
* What strengths or weaknesses do religious congregations
possess in building social capital?
* What role do they play in reaching low income, hard-to-serve, or
other isolated communities?
* Is there any indication that either increasing competition or
collaboration for federal funds among faith-based organisations,
public agencies, and non-profits will lead to more effective service
to communities in need?

For details on how to submit an abstract:
http://www.independentsector.org
http://www.ReligionandSocialPolicy.org

The Foundation for Media Alternatives: Call for stories/lessons
learned in Southeast Asia

The Foundation for Media Alternatives (FMA) is mapping innovative
Knowledge Networking, ICT for Development, and Community
Networking projects/stories in Southeast Asia prior to designing a
regional workshop in late 2002. FMA will choose the most relevant
stories from around the region and will include them as input to the
workshop.

To contribute to this initiative or for more information contact:
email: advokat77@yahoo.com (attention Anne Lim)

__________________________________________________
NEW AND INTERESTING WEBSITES; INTERNET NEWS

Changing our World Network - employment posting service for the
non-profit community http://www.dotorgjobs.com
New features on this site include searchable listings by state (US),
online editing of openings already posted, and a free monthly e-
newsletter on employment for the non-profit community.

The UK Regional Charity Finder - Fundraising Directory
http://www.willtocharity.co.uk
Free registration available on this comprehensive site

The Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID):
http://www.awid.org AWID is an international membership
organisation committed to gender equality and a just and
sustainable development process. AWID facilitates an open
exchange among researchers, practitioners, policymakers and
others in order to develop effective and transformative approaches
for improving the lives of women and girls worldwide.

Red de Gobernabilidad y desarrollo institucional en America Latina
http://www.iigov.org
Si desea ver la version completa del Boletin con links directos a
los articulos y servicios adicionales de la red, haga clic en el
siguiente enlace: http://www.iigov.org/noticias/bole99.htm

________________________________________________________
CLASSIFIEDS

JOBS AND VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES

International Rescue Committee - Provincial Coordinator
Congo

The Provincial Coordinator will oversee the Health Programme. This
will include, but is not limited to: establishing and maintaining a
regular system of project monitoring and evaluation; in-field
monitoring of implementation of all projects; conducting ongoing
assessment and evaluation of programme needs and consulting
with Country Director regarding appropriate adjustments in
programme design or implementation strategies; assisting the
Kinshasa office in strategic planning and programme design;
Ensuring the timely submission of technical and activities reports
from partners and from field personnel; keeping accurate and
organised records; overseeing management of local staff including
benefits and adherence to the local staff personnel policy manual.
For more information:
http://www.fpa.org/jobs_contact2423/jobs_contact_show.htm?doc_i
d=114275

The Center for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA) -
PHN Strategy Advisor
Washington DC, USA

CEDPA has been awarded a USAID contract to provide Technical
Advisors in AIDS and Child Survival (TAACS) to USAID offices
overseas and in Washington. This position requires US citizenship.
Security clearance will be required.

Incumbent will provide technical expertise to PHN mission staff
worldwide; provide technical assistance to the Population, Health
and Nutrition (PHN) portfolio in reproductive health, HIV/AIDS,
infectious diseases, maternal and child health and other health
areas.

Masters Degree in Public Health or relevant advanced degree
essential. Minimum of 3-4 years overseas USAID experience
required. Technical knowledge in MCH, HIV/AIDS, infectious
diseases, and reproductive health preferred. Must be familiar with
USAID or other donor agency.

Send resume/CV and cover letter:
Fax: 202 667 4371
e-mail: taacsjobs@cedpa.org

The American Refugee Committee (ARC) - Reproductive Health
Field Officer
Sudan

The American Refugee Committee (ARC) is an international
nonprofit, nonsectarian organisation that has provided multisectoral
humanitarian assistance and training to millions of beneficiaries for
more than 20 years.

The successful candidate will liaise and collaborate with all
partners including the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement
(SPLM) Health Commission (NSNAC), other counterparts,
participating NGOs and Community Based Organisations (CBOs)
at the field level; participate in the design of the HIV Project
Detailed Implementation Plan (DIP), and ensure integration of
external expertise into the project design; participate in the
development of curriculum for health training materials, and
conduct training seminars as needed; participate in the
development of standard clinical protocols and staff training for
syndromic management of STD's; and ensure the accountability of
all programme-related activities.

All applications (a formal resume and a cover letter) can be
directed to: email: archq@archq.org ( attentionHeather Kidd)

For more information:
Web: http://www.archq.org

_______________________________________
TRAINING COURSES AND PROGRAMMES

World Day for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect
November 19 2002

This day is being marked by International NGO Coalition.Other
sponsors include the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees and the UN Special Rapporteur on the sale of children,
child prostitution and child pornography. Participation in this
important event is welcome.
For more information:
Elly Pradervand
The Executive Director
The Women's World Summit Foundation WWSF
Fondation Sommet mondial des femmes FSMF
P.O.Box 2001, 1211 Geneva 1, Switzerland
Tel: (41 22) 738 66 19
Fax (41 22) 738 82 48
Web: http://www.woman.ch
email: wwsf@vtxnet.ch

______________________________________________
CONFERENCES, WORKSHOPS AND EXHIBITIONS

Pacific Peoples' Partnership (PPP) - Governing the Environment:
Pan-Pacific Perspectives on Indigenous Governance, Local
Resources and Aid
19 - 21 September 2002.

Too little is known about the struggles of indigenous peoples to
control the local resources that are at the base of their survival and
their hopes for the future. First Nations peoples in Canada and
indigenous peoples of the Pacific have a shared history of struggle
and innovation in their efforts to evolve governance models that
further their control over local resources and their livelihoods.

This conference explores and evaluates specific governance
models - some failed, others experimental, some traditional, others
modern - employed by indigenous peoples often in partnerships
with the state, private sector or non-governmental organisations.
The conference will also examine the role of international aid and
environmental organisations in their efforts to promote sustainability
and indigenous governance. For more information:
http://www.dev-zone.org/cgi-bin/links2/jump.cgi?ID=3427

SciDev.Net - Workshop on Science Communication for Sustainable
Development
29 September-3 October 2002
Entebbe
Uganda

This conference will bring together a group of scientists, public
relations officers, print and radio/TV journalists along with
professionals from academies of science, government
departments, science and technology policy institutions and non-
governmental organisations.
For more information:
http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=8702

The 45th African Studies Association Annual Meeting - Africa in
the Information and Technology Age
5-8 December 2002,
Washington, DC.
USA

For more information about this conference contact:
Web: http://www.africanstudies.org
email: callasa@rci.rutgers.edu
African Studies Association
Rutgers University
Douglass College
132 George Street
New Brunswick, NJ 08901-1400
USA
Tel: 732 932 8173
Fax: 732 932 3394

Consumer Unity & Trust Society (CUTS) - Governance and Its
Relationship with Poverty Reduction
12-15 March 2003
Delhi
India
As part ot its 20th Anniversary celebrations CUTS is organising a
Partnership Conclave. The event will act as a platform for civil
society representatives, policy makers, media, academia and other
stakeholders from all over the world to present their work on Rights-
based approaches on critical issues of governance.The sessions
will comprise a presentation of cases under the sub-themes and
groups from all over the world, in particular Asia and Sub-Saharan
Africa.
For more information:
Web: http://www.cuts.org\CUTS-Anniversary.htm
email: cuts@cuts.org

________________________________________
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Appeal Letters