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May PEACE Prevail in Sierra Leone!
May PEACE Prevail on Earth!

Welcome to Edition 164 of e-Civicus - Connecting civil society worldwide!

A
PDF and a Word version of e-Civicus is available on our website at
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_______________________________________
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Include your voice in the 'Global Civil Society Survey: Civil Society
After September 11: Any Change?' For email copies, contact survey@civicus.org with your language preference in the subject line (English, French, Spanish, Arabic)
_______________________________________

Contents

MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY GENERAL

2002 WORLD CUP: RED CARD FOR CHILD LABOUR PRACTICES

IN BRIEF: CIVIL SOCIETY 'ROUND THE GLOBE 
Africa: No way out for Zambian poor; people power against HIV/AIDS in Swaziland
Europe: Who's surveilling who in the EU?
North America: US promotes marriage as poverty relief
Asia: Fighting for the rights of tribes in India 

FEATURE OF THE WEEK
The world's problems on a plate: Meat production is making the rich ill and the poor hungry 

MEDIA, ARTS and CULTURE;TECHNOLOGY
Rebirth of the Afghan Buddhas

VOICE OF CIVIL SOCIETY
Call from Kashmir

WHAT'S UP ON THE WORD FRONT
Publications of interest 
New and interesting websites; Internet news 

CLASSIFIEDS
Jobs and Volunteer Opportunities 
Scholarships, Fellowships and Awards 
Training courses and Programmes 
Conferences, Workshops and Exhibitions 
_______________________________________
MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY GENERAL

2002 WORLD CUP: RED CARD FOR CHILD LABOUR PRACTICES

Millions of people around the world will be tuning in to support their favourite teams in the 2002 Football World Cup in Japan and Korea over the next few weeks.  Yet, while viewers sit glued to their screens in homes, taverns and stadiums across the globe, groups of under-age and under-paid child workers in Asia will be applying the glue to new batches of footballs. 

Child labour in football manufacture is widespread, especially in Pakistan and India.  Children are also commonly employed to make sporting clothes and shoes in different countries, including Indonesia, China and Vietnam. Pakistan is the largest producer of footballs where it is estimated that more than 15 000 children work at stitching footballs.

In Punjab, India, there are believed to be about 10 000 children employed in this work.  Adult and child workers, alike, are vastly under-paid and about 50 percent live below the poverty line. Approximately 90 percent of households working in this industry belong to the 'untouchables' or Dalits, and forty percent are headed by adults who are illiterate.

Working conditions are harsh and many workers experience loss of eyesight, chronic back and neck pains, cuts on their fingers, and even deformation of their fingers. For younger children, these ailments can last for their lifetime since they are physically underdeveloped and lack access to proper treatment.

There has, however, been much negative publicity of child labour in the sporting goods industry, largely due to the efforts of trade unions and civil society groups such as Global March Against Child Labour, which works in partnership with other child rights advocates.  Under pressure of poor public perception, the industry has been working to end child labour.  Codes of Labour Practices for both the garment and the sporting goods industry have been developed by the international Clean Clothes Campaign.  In India, the Sports Goods Foundation was launched by the World Federation of Sports Goods Industry and endorsed by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) - this has resulted in some improvement in the working conditions of adults and the removal of some children from work.

The flipside of this, though, is another worrying trend being observed by child labour activists: as negative publicity affects sporting goods manufacturers in India and Pakistan, it seems that the industry is simply shifting location to China and South America.

The organisers of the 2002 World Cup have committed themselves to hosting a tournament that has no association with child labour and are handing out red cards to suppliers that transgress good labour principles.   (For the benefit of non-football followers, a red card is given by football referees to send off players who play dirty). FIFA has signed a code of labour practice for the production of goods licensed by the organisation.  This document includes statements committing manufacturers to fair labour practices, in line with standards set by the International Labour Organization.

FIFA has also created a unique partnership with UNICEF to promote children's rights through the events of the 2002 World Cup. Several well-known World Cup players will serve as spokespersons for UNICEF's 'Say Yes for Children' campaign and children wearing 'Say Yes for Children' t-shirts will escort World Cup players onto the field.  FIFA is also co-ordinating an online auction of football
memorabilia belonging to many of the stars of the World Cup.  Proceeds will go directly to UNICEF.

UNICEF uses the game of football in various other ways, from helping children recover from trauma to encouraging their physical and emotional development. It also sees football as a valuable educational tool, a familiar setting in which to bring potentially life-saving information to hard-to-reach youth. In these and many other ways, football can help young people reclaim their childhood in situations where it has been forcibly put on hold.

British soccer icon, David Beckham last year visited a developmentcentre for abused girls in Bangkok, Thailand to encourage them tocontinue their studies.  In Afghan refugee camps, both boys and girls are playing football for the first time.  Sports were banned by the Taliban and the recent political changes are offering young people the opportunity to experience the joys of physical activity.  In Nairobi, Kenya, local youth clubs use football as a way to spread messages about safe sex and HIV/AIDS among young people.  Manchester United player and member of the South African national team, Quentin Fortune accompanied UNICEF to Uganda in 2000 to lead a football clinic for 500 girls in a country where families have been decimated by HIV/AIDS. (Fortune also scored a vital, equalising goal in the last minutes of South Africa's first match against Paraguay last Friday, but that's another story.)

In countries with FIFA chapters, local football associations are collaborating with UNICEF country offices to help in the areas of education, child protection and HIV/AIDS, issues which FIFA and UNICEF have agreed upon as priorities.

The FIFA World Cup is the most popular sporting event in the world and draws more than double the number of viewers than the Olympic Games.  In 1998, it is estimated that one-sixth of the world's population watched the final match (millions more who do not have access to television would have listened to the match on radio).  In 2002, this will happen again, providing, just for a moment, an incredible common link between different race, ethnic, religious and geographic groups.  Football is a universal language that can be used to break down barriers and create new relationships between all sectors of society.

While historically a male dominated sport, women and young girls are beginning to make a formidable appearance  and are taking ownership of football and other sporting activities.  This is a journeythat has a long way to go. Sport overall, particularly amateur sport, at a local level provides a valuable glue to promote the social fabric at community level.

In concluding this column I wish to pay a big tribute to many volunteer organisers of sport at the grassroots level, who give access to young and old, men and women, and in so doing enhance a sense of community, solidarity and social cohesion.

With kind regards,
Kumi Naidoo

For more information:
http://www.fifa.com
http://www.unicef.org
http://www.globalmarch.org
http://www.laborrights.org
http://www.christian-aid.org.uk
http://www.saccsweb.org

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IN BRIEF: CIVIL SOCIETY 'ROUND THE GLOBE 

AFRICA

Zambia
The continuing rise in cost of living is reproducing poverty in such a way that it will be difficult for the majority of poor people in Zambia to come out of it, observes Muweme Muweme Coordinator of the Economic and Social Development Research Project of the Jesuit Centre for Theological Reflection (JCTR). 

Swaziland
For the first time in Swaziland an HIV/AIDS campaign will be led by the people themselves, using a bottom-up approach instead of the usual top-down approach. The Alliance of Mayors' Initiative on Community Action for AIDS at the Local Level will support this initiative by getting innovative, fresh ideas from Swazi people to
combat the disease. 


EUROPE

Spain
StateWatch has reacted strongly to Spanish MEP Ana Palacio's lodging a new amendment to the EU directive on privacy in telecommunication, in the European Parliament. The amendment was also signed by Elena Paciotti of Italy's socialist group, PES. 

According to Tony Bunyan of StateWatch, the Spanish Presidency is trying to get the European Parliament to violate the right to privacy by means of the legislative amendment tabled by Palacio. 

"The EU governments already have all the powers they need under the existing directive to combat terrorism. This measure has nothing to do with terrorism. The proposal by the EU governments is a cynical exploitation of public sentiment to introduce draconian powers to potentially place the whole population of Europe under surveillance," says Bunyan

It took many years for EU member states to agree to and put in place the 1997 EU Directive on privacy in telecommunications. 

NORTH AMERICA

United States 

The Welfare Rights Organizing Coalition (WROC), which has links with Washington's Working Families Campaign:2002, has called on civil society to protest the recent passing in the  Republican controlled House of Representatives of a welfare bill that diverts $300 million a year into experimental marriage promotion programmes. 

WROC is organising a mock wedding ceremony to raise awareness about what people really need to become self-sufficient. "We must send a powerful message to our representatives that welfare reform should move people out of poverty, not divert needed resources to marriage promotion," says a WROC   spokesperson.

Washington's Working Families Campaign 2002 works to build support for federal welfare policy that focuses on ending poverty. It is a statewide coalition of organisations that represent welfare recipients, workers, children, women, faith-based organisations, and people of colour. 

ASIA

India
Indian NGOs have demanded an amendment to the Wildlife Act of 1972 to allow the presence of tribal people within the Kudremukh National Park area, giving them traditional rights over the forests. The NGOs have argued that even though the National Park should protect the wildlife and the forest, there should also be provision for the local people to continue living there.
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FEATURE OF THE WEEK

The world's problems on a plate: Meat production is making the rich ill and the poor hungry 

by Jeremy Rifki, President of the Foundation on Economic Trends in Washington DC (first published in The Guardian, 17 May 2002) 

In June, agricultural ministers from around the world will gather in Rome for the World Food Summit. The meeting will focus on how to create a sustainable approach to development and get food in the mouths of the nearly 1 billion people who are currently undernourished. More interesting than the agenda, however, will be the menu:  at both official dinners and at NGO gatherings, expect
to see the consumption of large quantities of meat. And herein lies
the contradiction. 

Hundreds of millions of people are going hungry all over the world because much of the arable land is used to grow feed grain for animals rather than for people. Cattle are among the most inefficient converters of feed. In the US, 157 million metric tons of cereal, legumes and vegetable protein suitable for human use is fed to livestock to produce 28 million metric tons of animal protein for annual human consumption. 

The worldwide demand for feed grain continues to grow, as multinational corporations seek to capitalise on the meat demands of affluent countries. Two-thirds of the increases in grain production in the US and Europe between 1950 and 1985, the boom years in agriculture, went to provide feed grain. 

In developing countries, the question of land reform has periodically rallied peasant populations and spawned populist political uprisings. But the question of how the land is used has been of less interest. Yet the decision to use the land to create an artificial food chain has resulted in misery for hundreds of millions around the world. An acre of cereal produces five times more protein than an acre devoted to meat production; legumes (beans, peas, lentils) can produce 10 times more protein and leafy vegetables 15 times more. 

The global corporations that produce the seeds, the farm chemicals and the cattle, and that control the slaughterhouse and the marketing and distribution channels for beef are eager to tout the advantage of grain-fed livestock. Advertising and sales campaigns geared to developing nations are quick to equate grain- fed beef with a country's prestige. Climbing the "protein ladder"
becomes the mark of success. 

Enlarging and diversifying their meat supply appears to be a first step for every developing country. They start by putting in modern broiler and egg production facilities - the fastest and cheapest way to produce non-plant protein. Then, as rapidly as their economies permit, they climb "the protein ladder" to pork, milk, and dairy products, to grass-fed beef and finally, if they can, to grain-fed beef.


Encouraging other nations to do this advances the interests of American farmers and agribusiness companies. Two-thirds of all the grain exported from the US to other countries goes to feed livestock rather than to feed hungry people. 

Many developing nations climbed the protein ladder at the height of the agricultural boom, when "green revolution" technology was producing grain surpluses. In 1971 the Food and Agricultural Organisation suggested switching to coarse grains that could be more easily consumed by livestock. The US government provided further encouragement in its foreign aid programme, tying food aid to development of feed grain markets. Companies such as Ralston Purina and Cargill were given low-interest government loans to establish grain-fed poultry operations in developing countries. Many nations followed the advice of the FAO and have attempted to remain high on the protein ladder long after the surpluses of the green revolution have disappeared. 

The shift from food to feed continues apace in many nations, with no sign of reversal. The human consequences of the transition were dramatically illustrated in 1984 in Ethiopia when thousands of people were dying each day from famine. At the very same time Ethiopia was using some of its agricultural land to produce linseed cake, cottonseed cake and rapeseed meal for export to the UK and other European nations as feed for livestock. Millions of acres of third world land are now being used exclusively to produce feed for European livestock.  Tragically, some 80% of the world's hungry children live in countries with actual food surpluses, much of which is in the form of feed fed to animals which will be consumed by only the well-to- do consumers. In the developing world, the share of grain fed to livestock has tripled since 1950 and now exceeds 21% of the total
grain produced. 

The irony of the present system is that millions of wealthy consumers in the first world are dying from diseases of affluence (heart attacks, strokes, diabetes, cancer) brought on by gorging on fatty grain-fed meats, while the poor in the third world are dying of diseases of poverty brought on by the denial of access to land to grow food grain for their families. We are long overdue for a global discussion on how best to promote a diversified, high-protein, vegetarian diet for the human race. 

see also: http://www.comment@guardian.co.uk
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MEDIA, ARTS and CULTURE; TECHNOLOGY

Rebirth of the Afghan Buddhas
by Dermot McGrath             

It was an act of cultural desecration that shocked the world. The age-old  Buddhas at Bamiyan in northern Afghanistan, which had withstood the ravages of Genghis Khan and centuries of invasions and wars, proved powerless against the destructive zealotry of the Taliban regime. 

Now the Buddhas are making a comeback of sorts, thanks to the efforts of a Swiss entrepreneur and a team of researchers at a Swiss university. 

Using the latest in 3-D computer modelling techniques, Professor Armin Grün and his team at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, have painstakingly reconstructed images of the Buddhas, destroyed in March 2001 in an act described by Koichiro Matsuura, director-general of the United Nations Education, Social and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), as a "crime  against humanity itself".

The 3-D modelling work was carried out jointly by the Afghanistan Museum in Bubendorf, Switzerland and the New 7 Wonders Foundation, which will be displaying the reconstructed images on its website. 

The digitised reconstruction of the Buddhas was made possible by precise photogrammetric images and measurements taken in 1970 by the Austrian archaeologist, Robert Kostka. Grün said his team was gratified to be involved in such a well publicised cause. 

"It's an interesting project and there's no doubt that heritage work of this sort is very hot right now. It's nice to be involved because of the cultural value of what we're trying to achieve," he said. Its backers hope that the virtual reconstruction will mark the first step in the process of physically rebuilding the Buddhas on their original site. 

"The next stage will be a scaled model reconstruction of the Buddhas," said Bernard Weber, founder of the 7 Wonders Foundation. "That model will serve as a platform for debate among scholars to agree on the method of reconstructing the original one. The good thing is that the originals were carved out of a very simple stone -- not marble or granite, but a sandstone conglomerate. With
today's modern chemical substances, we can reconstruct that type of stone very easily." 

Yet many details -- archaeological, theological and political -- have to be hammered out before any plans for an on-site physical reconstruction can move forward.  The Afghan government has expressed interest in the reconstruction of the Buddhas, but it remains unclear which international organisations, if any, will bear responsibility for overseeing such a project and where the financing will come from. 

To that end, UNESCO has organised a seminar on Afghan cultural heritage,  later this month, bringing together a panel of international specialists with a view to establishing the level of commitment to a reconstruction program for the Bamiyan Buddhas. 

Christian Manhart, a project leader with UNESCO's cultural heritage sector, stressed that it was premature at this stage to talk about a full-scale reconstruction of the Buddhas. 

"The 7 Wonders Foundation has every right to reconstruct a virtual model of the Buddhas or indeed a scaled model for the Afghanistan Institute in Switzerland, but anything beyond that has no official sanction whatsoever. Such work might prove helpful if the time ever comes to rebuild the Bamiyan Buddhas," he said. 

Bernard Weber said that the 7 Wonders Foundation never had any intention of proceeding without the cooperation of UNESCO and the Afghan government. 

"It is my partner Mr. Bucherer and his Afghanistan Museum and Institute who have the official rapport with UNESCO. Our aim is to provide the Bamiyan Buddha reconstruction project with the ground work, the 'foundation' so to speak, on which the real thing can be built when the time has come," he said. 

UNESCO's Manhart added that while the Bamiyan Buddhas were undoubtedly  important and had garnered a lot of media attention, UNESCO also had to consider wider issues of preservation in a country whose infrastructure has effectively collapsed. It was, he said, a view shared by the Afghan government. 

"At the moment, we are more focused on preserving the actual cultural artefacts that remain in Afghanistan and safeguarding them, rather than rebuilding something that has already been destroyed," Manhart said. 
      
"UNESCO's primary function is to conserve, not to rebuild. The interim Afghan government has also asked us to concentrate our efforts on helping them to conserve the remaining heritage rather than devote time to evaluating the reconstruction of the Bamiyan Buddhas." 
      
Other experts agree with this assessment. The Japanese artist, Ikuo Hirayama, who was among the most vocal campaigners for the preservation of the Buddhas during the Taliban regime, said that there are many humanitarian issues in Afghanistan which should be addressed first. 
      
Other specialists also remain unconvinced that rebuilding the Buddhas is, in fact, the most appropriate response to their destruction. 

"What you're really talking about is building a new statue without the traditional background or struggle or purpose behind it. Once something is gone, it's difficult to change that," said Tim Schadla- Hall of the Institute of Archaeology in London. 

Edmund Capon, the director of the Art Gallery of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, was also critical of the plan: "I think any kind of re-imaging, rekindling in the direct and physical way of something like that, whose true sensitivity and value and presence was embodied in its very antiquity, is just pure theatre, it's circus," he said. 
      
Not all scholars are similarly dismissive. Thomas Gouttierre, director of The Centre for Afghanistan Studies at the University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO), said that he broadly supported any initiative to replace the Buddhas. 

"There are a lot of things throughout history that have been reconstructed," he said. "We are very fortunate now as we have so many photos of the Buddhas -- as opposed to having a sketch, if
even that, of ancient monuments of the world. So it's important to distinguish: we're not trying to restore the Buddhas to something that existed 1,600 or 1,500 years ago, but to that state which it was almost nine
months ago." 

Gouttierre, who calls the Bamiyan valley one of "my favourite places on earth," said that rebuilding the Buddhas made sense on a number of levels. As well as helping the local economy by attracting tourists, he said that it was also an important symbol of tolerance. 

"This is a good way to show the world that Islam peacefully coexists with other religions," he said. "And of course, it's also important and valid from an archaeological, artistic and cultural point of view -- considering that this valley in Bamiyan is unique to humankind. Here we have a chance to show that while humankind is capable of great destruction, the same  hands can also be used to reconstruct and rebuild." 

Bernard Weber of the 7 Wonders Foundation remains optimistic  that the estimated $40 million to $50 million required to reconstruct the Buddhas can be raised and that the Afghan government and
international organisations and specialists will ultimately fall in behind the  initiative. 

"I had a big argument on Italian radio recently because a professorfrom the University of Milan was saying that it makes no sense to rebuild the statues. On that basis, we would do nothing to preserve
the world's cultural heritage," Weber said. 

"The important thing is not the rebuilding of this -- the important thing is keeping the memory alive of these artefacts and cultural treasures. Just as destruction will be a part of the history of the statues, so the reconstruction will also form a part of their history."

see also: http://www.wired.com

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VOICE OF CIVIL SOCIETY

Call from Kashmir

Dear Friends,

At this crucial time of our history we the concerned citizens of the
Disputed Territory of Jammu Kashmir appeal to the world
community to urge India and Pakistan to stop ruining the lives of
Kashmiri people. There are more than 100 000 troops from India
and Pakistan on the brink of war along the line of control (LOC),
which divides our motherland Jammu Kashmir.

We the Kashmiri people living along the LOC are the most
vulnerable and unfortunate victims of Indian and Pakistani artillery
shelling and bombing across the line of control.

We do not have the access to the world media and we believe that
the killing fields of Jammu Kashmir are not of much of interest to
international media due to the focus on Afghanistan, Palestine and
other conflict zones. We do not have oil wells or diamond mines
but we believe in the conscience of humanity.

We are a nation of 13 million people who were declared inhabitants
of the Disputed Territory of Jammu Kashmir 53 years ago by the
United Nations.Our lives are in danger. People living along the LOC
have no place to go. The daily fire fights and shelling threaten their
lives. Hundreds of people lie injured in hospital, some permanently
disabled. In recent weeks more than 4000 people have been
displaced in the Bhimber District alone.

The Kashmir Development Foundation (KDF) is a non-profit
organisation working for rehabilitation and relocation of the
wounded, elderly, children and women in this war zone. We need
urgent help from civil society organisations, especially from those
who have experience working in conflict situations.

May peace with you all,

Zafar Iqbal Dhamyal
Kashmir Development Foundation(KDF)
1-Samani Chowk
Bhimber District
Azad (Free) Jammu Kashmir


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WHAT'S UP ON THE WORD FRONT


PUBLICATIONS OF INTEREST

The Effectiveness of Small-scale Agriculture Interventions on
Household Food Security:  
http://www.developmentgateway.org/download/122922/SmallAg.pdf

The Sustainable Livelihoods (SL) framework used in the study
emphasises the physical, financial, social, human, and natural
capital assets for the development of agriculture interventions.
Along with the SL framework and its assets, the International Food
Policy Research Institute's (IFPRI's) causal model is used to reflect
on the nature of the effectiveness of small-scale
agriculture interventions on household food security. 


Global Development Network Newsletter: Funding Opportunities 
http://www.gdnet.org/subpages/news_monthly.html
This recently-launched electronic newsletter contains the latest
funding opportunities for social science researchers in developing
countries. Funding opportunities include research
grants, scholarships, subsidised conference and workshop
attendance, and
calls for project proposals. 

World Wise -Your Passport To Safer Travel 
published by The Suzy Lamplugh Trust
http://www.suzylamplugh.org/worldwise

A guide to safer travel abroad for independent travellers, especially
young people. This pocket-sized book contains travel advice and
tips including planning a trip, culture shock, emergency situations,
and health and safety information. The directory is regularly
updated on the internet
                                         
Bretton Woods Update
Bimonthly digest of key World Bank and IMF initiatives,
controversial policy trends, projects and debate. 
http://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/index.htm

Newsfront 
Focus on world poverty bringing stories of big breakthroughs and
small gains. 
http://j1.mediag3.com/s/c103/shtml

AIDS channel.org
Weekly e-mail digest on HIV/AIDS news, campaigns and alerts,
debate, analysis and comment from experts and campaigners, and
resources. 
http://www.aidschannel.org/email_digest
To subscribe: majordomo@oneworld.net 
______________________________________
NEW AND INTERESTING WEBSITES; INTERNET NEWS

Via alterna - Columbia
http://www.viaalterna.com.co

Recently launched Spanish language website focusing on politics,
civil society and socio-economic issues in Columbia and the rest of
Latin America.

DisabilityWorld (DW) 
http://www.disabilityworld.org

Website devoted to issues, information and opinions affecting
disabled people around the world. English and Spanish content
accessible.

Migration Information Source (The Source) - Migration Policy
Institute (MPI) 
http://www.migrationinformation.org

As debates about international migration grow increasingly
polarised, the role of accurate data has grown even more critical.
This website gives policymakers, journalists, and others data and
analysis to understand national and international migration
challenges and to craft policy solutions to them.

______________________________________ 
CLASSIFIEDS

JOBS AND VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES

Helen Keller International - Country Director 
Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa 
Closing date for applications: 21 June 2002

Helen Keller International, the international division of Helen Keller
Worldwide, is an international NGO that provides technical
assistance. Its mission is to save the sight and the lives of the
most vulnerable in the human family and to educate and
rehabilitate the blind.

The successful applicant will head operations in Abidjan, where our
major focus is the control of onchocerciasis. He/She will implement
projects, raise funds and expand programmes to
prevent blindness, educate and rehabilitate the blind, manage a
professional team, design and implement workshops, seminars,
surveys, monitoring systems, and evaluations.

Applicants must have a Masters degree in Public Health or at least
five years of related experience, and be computer literate in the MS
Word, Excel, EPI-INFO and the Internet. Fluency in French and
English and willingness to travel extensively within country and
occasionally within the region.  Two-year contract with possible
renewal. HKI is an equal opportunity employer.

Applications should include a cover letter, CV in English, and a
short sample of writing in both English and French. Include job
reference code: RW_10720C
email to: jobpost@hkworld.org
For more information:
Web: http://www.hkworld.org 

Peace Child International - Internships
Hertfordshire, UK

Peace Child International is currently looking for interns to fill the
following positions:
Youth Editor of Earth Focus Magazine
Youth Co-ordinator of 'Be the Change' Programme
Africa Desk Officer
Latin America Desk Officer

Peace Child is a youth empowerment organisation, based in the
UK, run by young volunteers from around the world. It aims to
educate young people about global issues such as sustainable
development and human rights, and encourage them to go out into
their local communities and take action.

Interns should be available from July 2000 onwards and will reside
in the UK for between six months and a year. Interns are expected
to pay their own travel costs to the UK and are provided with food,
accommodation and a stipend.

For more information or to apply:
Russell Parkinson
UK Desk Officer
Peace Child International
Tel: 01763 274 459
Fax: 01763 374 460
Web: http://www.peacechild.org
email: uk@peacechild.org 

_______________________________________
TRAINING COURSES AND PROGRAMMES

Positive Approaches to Peacebuilding in Conflict Areas
15-19 July 2002 
Summer Peacebuilding and Development Institute,
American University
Washington, DC.
USA 

This is an interactive course that explores positive-change
methodologies, including Appreciative Inquiry, Future Search, Open
Space Technology,  and other approaches currently being used in
peacebuilding and development.  

For more information:
e-mail: pcrinst@american.edu
Tel: (202) 885 2014 
Fax: (202) 885 2494

World Youth Day (WYD) 2002
22-28 July  2002
Toronto, Canada

WYD brings together Catholic youth from over 150 countries to
learn about their faith and celebrate it.  This year's activities take
place in Canada.
For more information:
Web: http://www.wyd2002.org
__________________________________________
SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS AND AWARDS

The Five College African Scholars Programme 
sponsored by: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Amherst
College, Hampshire
College, Mount Holyoke College, Smith College, and University of
Massachusetts at Amherst
Date of commencement: January 2003

Scholarships are open to junior and mid-level African scholars
attending African universities.

For more information:
Web: http://www.fivecolleges.edu/asp
email: asp@fivecolleges.edu
Tel: (413) 577-3778 
Fax: (413) 577-3781
Post: Five College African Scholars Programme
Herter Hall
University of Massachusetts
Amherst
Massachusetts 01003
USA

Ron Wiebe Restorative Justice Award 2002
Closing date for nominations: 20 September 2002

Sponsored by The Correctional Service of Canada and members of
its National Steering Committee on Restorative Justice and Dispute
Resolution, the award serves to recognise Canadians who have
demonstrated, through their work, new and innovative ways of
transforming human relations, by enabling and promoting
communication and healing between people in conflict, be they
victims, offenders, colleagues, families or neighbours. The 2002
award will be presented in Edmonton, Alberta during Restorative
Justice Week. 

For more information or for this year's nomination form: 
Web: http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/prgrm/rjstc/award/info_e.shtml
 
email: GrenierCA@csc-scc.gc.ca (for attentionCarol-Anne Grenier)
Tel: (613) 943-5049 

_________________________________________
CONFERENCES, WORKSHOPS AND EXHIBITIONS

Promotion and Management of Microfinancial Institutions - Pan
African Institute for the Development of West and Sahel Africa
(IPD/AOS) - 5-23 August 2002
Ouagadougou 
Burkina Faso

For more information:
Pan African Institute for the Development of West and Sahel Africa 
01 BP 1756
Ouagadougou 01
Burkina Faso
Web: http://www.ipdaos.bf
email: ipd_aos@cenatrin.bf
Tel: (+226) 36 48 07 
Fax: (+226) 36 47 30

Feed the World, Please the Consumer, and Maintain the
Environment International Farm Management Association (IFMA) 
7-12 July 2002
Wageningen, The Netherlands

For more information:
Web: http://www.ifma.nl

Sustainability and Democratisation of Rural Society in Latin
America 
Latin American Association of Rural Sociology (ALASRU) 
25-29 November 2002
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Brazil

For more information:
Web: http://www.alasru2002.hpg.ig.com.br

The Healing Our Spirit Worldwide Conference 
2-6 September 2002 
Albuquerque, New Mexico
USA
Deadline for presentations / Fecha de entrega de la presentacion: 
30 June 2002 / 30 de junio de 2002 

The conference brings together more than 4 000 indigenous people
from around the world to address substance abuse, domestic
violence, health care and governance issues.

La conferencia reunea mas de 4 000 personas indigenas de todo el
mundo, para tratar sobre temas vitales como son el abuso de
sustancias toxicas, la atencion de salud, la medicina tradicional y
el liderazgo.

More information / Informacion: 
National Indian Health Board 
1385 S. Colorado Blvd., 
Suite A-707
Denver, CO 80222
USA/EUA 
Tel: (303) 759-3075
Fax: (303) 759-3674
Web:
http://www.healingourspiritworldwide.com
email/correo electronico: info@nihb.org

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